Defenestration

https://pixabay.com/en/windows-shutters-architecture-923845/Defenestration is the action of throwing someone (or something) out of a window. It can also be used to describe the process or action of removing someone from a position of authority or power.

You can defenestrate someone or be defenestrated.

Defenestration is early 17th century in origin, stemming from de- meaning ‘down from’ and the Latin fenestra meaning ‘window’.

The word is thought to have been coined around the time of the Defenestration of Prague in 1618. The incident at Prague Castle saw two Catholic governors and their scribe thrown from windows by Protestant citizens. The defenestration helped to start the Thirty Years War.

Rub-a-dub

https://pixabay.com/en/drummers-drums-soldiers-historic-642540/You might be familiar with a nursery rhyme about three men in a tub. Or the BBC’s version about socks (if my socks had that many holes, I would just get rid of them).

Rub-a-dub was originally a word for the sound made by beating a drum or for a drumming sound.

It is often used to describe a rhythmic sound or motion, such as rubbing or scrubbing to make something clean.

Rub-a-dub is also rhyming slang for pub.

Catty-cornered

https://pixabay.com/en/cat-kitten-rozko%C5%A1n%C3%A9-little-wood-914110/

Sorry Britishers, it has nothing to do with cats. Here’s a picture of one anyway.

This week’s interesting word is (I believe) common in American English but almost unknown in British English.

It is a variation of cater-cornered. There are other variations including catacornered, caddy-cornered and kitty-cornered.

Cater-cornered means ‘diagonal’ or ‘diagonally’. It is used to describe something as situated diagonally opposite from something else.

Cater-corned is mid 19th century in origin. It is usually considered to have developed from a dialect use of cater meaning ‘diagonally’. This stemmed from cater meaning the four-spot on dice, which comes from the French quatre meaning ‘four’. Quatre is from the Latin quattuor, meaning ‘four’.

Argus-eyed

Argus-eyed means ‘vigilant’ or ‘extremely observant’.

It refers to Argus (or Argos), a Greek mythological giant with a hundred eyes. He is usually pictured as a man with eyes all over his body.

There are slightly different versions of the story but the following is the basics of it.

Argus served the goddess Hera, and he was famous for slaying the monster Echidna (she was half-woman, half-snake).

Hera’s husband Zeus had been ‘romantically pursuing’ a nymph named Io. When Hera nearly discovered them together, Zeus transformed Io into a white cow. He claimed it was just a cow – definitely not a woman he had pestered into having sex with him. Hera was not fooled and she asked to keep the cow. Zeus had no choice but to agree.

Argus was tasked with guarding the cow. To help him, Hera gave Argus the gift (or curse) of sleeplessness. His eyes would never tire.

https://pixabay.com/en/peacock-bird-plumage-display-full-1868/Zeus wasn’t going to let that stop him. He sent the god Hermes (also his son) to free Io. Hermes lulled the giant to sleep by playing music, and then killed him.

Hera honoured Argus by placing his eyes on the tail of her favourite bird, the peacock.

Damp squid

I really like this eggcorn. It makes sense: squid live in water and I imagine living in water makes you damp. I’m not sure why damp squid are seen as failures or as disappointing; that seems rather unfair on them.

The phrase is actually damp squib. It is usually considered British English.https://pixabay.com/en/fireworks-red-night-sky-rays-1002817/

A damp squib is a situation or event which is less impressive, exciting or popular than expected.

A squib is a type of firework or firecracker. Small explosives used in the military and in industry are also called squibs. If a squib gets damp, it won’t go off.

To British readers – I hope your Bonfire Night wasn’t a damp squib. If you are going to see fireworks this weekend, I hope you have a wonderful time! (Fireworks are one of my favourite things.)

Eggcorns

Here’s a modern linguistic term that I really like. An eggcorn is a word or phrase created by mishearing or misinterpreting another. An element of the original is replaced by something that sounds very similar. To be an eggcorn, the word or phrase must sound similar (or identical) to the original and make some sort of sense.

An eggcorn that I have already posted about is on tenderhooks (for on tenterhooks).

https://pixabay.com/en/squirrel-eating-nuts-acorn-forest-61231/

The squirrel doesn’t care how it’s spelt.

If you say ‘acorn’ in a slow drawl (as in the southern US), you will probably find that it sounds a lot like ‘eggcorn’. The spelling eggcorn goes back as far as 1844. It makes sense when you think about it  – acorns look a bit like eggs, especially in their cups, and they are produced by a tree while an egg is produced by a chicken or other egg-laying animal (although not in the same way).

‘Egg corn’ was adopted in 2003 by the linguist Geoffrey Pullum as the term for misheard words/phrases of this type. Because it describes a category of words that it is a member of, it is autological.


Source: Fowler’s Dictionary of Modern English Usage, Jeremy Butterfield (editor).

Grandiloquent

Grandiloquent is usually considered an autological word.

It means pompous, lofty or extravagant in language, style or manner, especially in a way that is intended to impress or attract admiration.

The word’s origin is late 16th century. It stems from the Latin grandiloquus, meaning ‘grand-speaking’.  The association with eloquent has altered the ending in English.

Magniloquent is considered a synonym of grandiloquent. And they rhyme.

Pooh-bah

A pooh-bah is a person who has a lot of power and/or influence. They may hold (but not necessarily fulfill) many offices at the same time, and they are often seen as pompous or self-important.

The word originates from a character in W. S. Gilbert’s The Mikado (1885). In the opera, Pooh-Bah bears the title ‘Lord High Everything Else’; his behaviour matches the definition above.

Sesquipedalian

Here’s a new type of interesting word for this blog – a word that is autological. Autological words are members of or have features of the category they describe. They have or represent the property they denote.

Sesquipedalian means ‘having many syllables’. It can also be used to describe something as given to using long words or being long-winded.

Its origin is mid 17th century, from the Latin sesquipedalis meaning ‘a foot and a half long’.

Alley-oop

This term will probably be familiar to basketball fans.

The word alley-oop was first used in the early 20th century, and it is suggested that it originates from the French allez! (meaning ‘go on’ said in an encouraging way) and an alteration of up.

https://pixabay.com/en/basket-hoop-basketball-game-net-821529/An alley-oop or alley-oop pass is a high pass caught above the basket by a leaping player who tries to dunk the ball before landing.

Alley-oop can also be used as an exclamation. It encourages or draws attention to the performance of a physical feat (often acrobatic).

There is a song by the Hollywood Argyles titled Alley Oop; it was inspired by a comic strip of the same name. I prefer the version that the Beach Boys released. Here it is:

You’re welcome.